The Parisian club has now claimed the prestigious trophy on fourteen different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and capture a fourth straight French Super Cup victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the match featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup holders after the French winger found the scoring in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side struck two times in the closing moments to take a shock lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial equaliser in the final seconds to force the contest into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and Desire Doue all converted successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing shootout win.
The record winners PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the last thirteen years.